Answer from the story of the first antibiotic…
Contributed by StemPy LabTry it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
Answer from the story of the first antibiotic.
- Which bacterium was Fleming growing on his dishes?
- What did he see around the mould?
- Which mould made the chemical?
- Who showed that penicillin works as a medicine?
- In which year did the three scientists receive the Nobel Prize?
Need a reminder? The key ideaShow
Penicillin was seen by Fleming in 1928 and made a medicine by Chain and Florey. Lipases are used in detergents, pectinases and proteases to clear juices, and streptokinase from Streptococcus as a clot buster. Cyclosporin A (Trichoderma polysporum) suppresses the immune response. Statins (Monascus purpureus) are competitive inhibitors of the enzyme that makes cholesterol. In a row of tubes, each tube has half the dose of the one before. The lowest clear tube is the last one whose dose is at least the least dose that stops the bacterium.
The worked solution
Have you tried it?
Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Step 1. (a) Staphylococcus.
Step 2. (b) A clear zone where no bacteria grew.
Step 3. (c) The mould Penicillium notatum, in the NCERT name.
Step 4. (d) Ernest Chain and Howard Florey.
Step 5. (e) 1945, shared by Fleming, Chain and Florey.
Answer: (a) Staphylococcus; (b) a clear zone; (c) Penicillium notatum; (d) Chain and Florey; (e) 1945.
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