Amines and Nitrogen Compounds
The fishy smell of stale fish, the dye in a school uniform and the yellow of a pH indicator all come from compounds of nitrogen. Amines are the bases of organic chemistry, and aromatic amines lead to diazonium salts, which open the way to dyes and to dozens of other compounds. We see how amines are named and made, how strongly they act as bases, what they do with acids, acid chlorides and nitrous acid, and how a diazonium salt is made and used. Cyanides, isocyanides and nitro compounds are met in brief. It covers the unit of the Indian syllabus (NCERT, NEET, JEE Main and the state entrance exams) and the matching topic of A-Level, IB and AP.
Part of Chemistry · High School (11–12) (chapter 29)
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Amines: Classes, Names and Preparation
What an amine is and how it differs from ammonia and from an alcohol. Primary, secondary and tertiary amines, their names, the six main ways to make them, and why their boiling points and solubility are what they are.
Reactions of Amines and Aniline
How strongly an amine acts as a base and what changes it. The amino group reacts with halides, acid chlorides, chloroform, nitrous acid and sulphonyl chloride. These reactions give tests that tell the three classes apart. Then we turn to the substitution reactions of the ring of aniline.