Chemistry
High School (11–12)
Solutions › Solubility, Vapour Pressure and Raoult's LawSolutions › Colligative Properties and the van 't Hoff FactorChapter 21Solutions
Sea water, a soft drink, a saline drip and the coolant in a car are all solutions. How much of a substance dissolves, how the vapour above a solution behaves and why salt on a road melts ice all follow from a few ideas. In this chapter you learn the ways to express concentration, solubility and Henry's law, Raoult's law and non-ideal solutions, and the colligative properties that give molar masses. Python plots vapour pressure against composition and finds the molar mass of an unknown solute.
Part of Chemistry · High School (11–12) (chapter 21)
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Concentration and Solubility
The ways to say how much solute is in a solution: mass percent, ppm, mole fraction, molarity and molality. Then the solubility of solids and of gases, and Henry's law for a gas above a liquid.
Vapour Pressure and Raoult's Law
The vapour above a solution. Raoult's law for volatile liquids and for a non-volatile solute, ideal and non-ideal solutions, and the azeotropes that distillation cannot separate.