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  1. Glossary
  2. /Chemistry
  3. /Acids, Bases and pH

What are Acids, Bases and pH?

In short

An acid gives hydrogen ions in water and has a pH below 7. A base gives hydroxide ions and has a pH above 7. A neutral solution has a pH of 7.

In simple words

The pH scale is pH=−log⁡10[H+]\text{pH} = -\log_{10}[\text{H}^+]pH=−log10​[H+]. Each step of one unit is a tenfold change in the hydrogen ion concentration. Strong acids such as hydrochloric acid are fully split into ions. Weak acids such as ethanoic acid are only partly split. An acid and a base react to give a salt and water, which is neutralisation.

Example

A solution has [H+]=1.0×10−3 mol/L[\text{H}^+] = 1.0 \times 10^{-3}\ \text{mol/L}[H+]=1.0×10−3 mol/L, so pH=3\text{pH} = 3pH=3. It is acidic. Glucose solution is close to neutral, and it is not acidic.

Also searched as: is glucose acidic.

Learn it properly

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Related terms

  • Chemical Reaction
  • Mole

← All glossary terms

Learn it in

  1. The pH Scale and NeutralisationClass 9 to 10
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Practise

  1. In a titration, 20.0 mL of sodium hydroxide solution needs 15.0 mL of 0.100 M…Hard
  2. What volume of 0.10 M sulphuric acid neutralises 36 mL of 0.15 M sodium hydroxide? …Medium
  3. What volume of 0.25 M hydrochloric acid neutralises 45 mL of 0.10 M sodium hydroxide?Easy
  4. How many antacid tablets, each with 0.50 g of magnesium hydroxide, are needed to…
Medium
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Quick questions

  1. Why is the label on a bottle of concentrated acid marked corrosive?Easy
  2. Two acids have the same concentration. Acid A has a pH of 1, and acid B a pH of 3. Which…Hard
  3. Dilute hydrochloric acid on a shelf is labelled 0.1 M. If it is fully ionised, what…Medium

More Chemistry terms

  1. Alkane (Saturated Hydrocarbon)
  2. Allotrope
  3. Atom
  4. Bohr Model of the Atom
  5. Catalyst
  6. Chemical Formulae and Equations
All Chemistry terms →

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