Explore structured chemistry courses, solved problems, simulations and Python activities.
Sodium and potassium are stored under oil. Chlorine and bromine are coloured. Neon does not react at all. In this course we meet the families of the table, and we use the table to predict what an element will do.
Why does carbon make four bonds and oxygen two? Why is a sodium atom bigger than a chlorine atom? In this course we find the valency, the size, the metallic character and the oxides of the elements, and how they change across a period and down a group.
Why did chemists need a table? In this course we follow the story from Dobereiner's triads and Newlands' octaves to Mendeleev's table with its gaps, and then to the modern table, which is arranged by atomic number.
Why does a candle give a yellow flame and a gas stove a blue one? What is vinegar? How does soap clean? In this course we learn how carbon compounds burn and react, and we study ethanol, ethanoic acid, soaps and detergents.
The simplest carbon compounds have only carbon and hydrogen. In this course we meet the alkanes, alkenes and alkynes, we learn that the same formula can have different structures, and we learn the rules that give every compound its name.
Carbon does not make ions. It shares. In this course we learn the covalent bond, the properties of the compounds that it makes, why carbon can make so many compounds, and how the same atoms make soft graphite and hard diamond.
When a metal meets a non-metal, electrons move from one to the other. In this course we see how that makes an ionic compound, what its properties are, and how metals are got from the ores that are dug out of the ground.
Sodium is kept under oil, and gold never tarnishes. The difference is in how the metals react. In this course we see what metals do with oxygen, water, acids and salt solutions, we arrange them in the reactivity series, and we look at the reactions of non-metals.
Why are wires made of copper, and not of sulphur? Why does a bell ring? In this course we compare the physical properties of metals and non-metals, we meet the exceptions, and we learn why metals are mixed to make alloys.
How acidic is lemon juice? How basic is soap? The pH scale gives a number. In this course we learn the scale, we see why it matters for the stomach, the teeth, the soil and insect stings, and we calculate how much acid neutralises a base.
When an acid meets a base, a salt is made. Common salt is only one of the family. In this course we learn the salts of daily life: what is made from common salt, how baking soda and washing soda differ, and what plaster of Paris does.
An acid tastes sour, and a base feels soapy, but you should never taste a chemical to find out. In this course we learn to use indicators, we see what acids and bases do to metals, carbonates and each other, and we find out what makes a substance an acid.
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How many atoms are in a gram of carbon dioxide? Why do of hydrogen and of oxygen hold exactly the same number of atoms? How long would it take to count the molecules in one drop of water? In this workshop you learn two strategies, and then you solve problems that are a step harder than the chapter, with Python to check your work.
Why does the pH scale go in steps of ten? Why is vinegar a weak acid and hydrochloric acid a strong one, when both turn litmus red? How does a chemist find the strength of an unknown alkali with a burette? In this course you read further, solve problems on pH, dilution and titration, and then take a timed challenge.
The chapter gave you the rules. Here you use them together. How many structures can a formula have? Which compound has these percentages? How much carbon dioxide does a fuel make, and how much soap is lost? In this course you learn two strategies and then solve harder problems, in the style of an olympiad.
A reactivity series is a list. An ore calculation is a few lines of arithmetic. In this course you turn the chemistry of metals into short Python programs, and you use them to test ideas: which metals displace which, which ore is the richest, and how much alloy you need. Then you take a timed test in the style of an olympiad.
In an exam, chemical equations are worth easy marks, if you are quick and you check your work. This pack gives you two exam skills, six problems, a Python checker for your balancing, and timed papers. One paper is in the Standard pack, and a longer one with worked solutions is for Premium.
You know how the table is built and how it is used. Now ask why. Why did Moseley's X-rays settle an old argument? Why does the energy to remove an electron dip twice in each period? In this course we read further, solve harder problems and take an olympiad style test.