MediumChemistryHigh School (11–12)Organic Chemistry: Some Basic Principles and Techniques › Classification, IUPAC Nomenclature and IsomerismConceptualA-LevelIB
For each compound, say whether it has cis and trans forms, a pair of enantiomers, or neither: (a)…
Contributed by StemPy LabTry it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
For each compound, say whether it has cis and trans forms, a pair of enantiomers, or neither: (a) ; (b) ; (c) ; (d) ; (e) ; (f) .
Need a reminder? The key ideaShow
Isomers have the same molecular formula and different structures. Structural: chain, position, functional group, metamerism, tautomerism. Stereo: geometrical (each end of a double bond has two different groups) and optical (a carbon with four different groups). Degrees of unsaturation: . Up to stereoisomers for n different stereocentres.
The worked solution
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Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Step 1. (a). Each end has H and . Cis and trans.
Step 2. (b). One end has two hydrogen atoms. Neither.
Step 3. (c). Carbon 2 holds Cl, H, and . Enantiomers.
Step 4. (d). The middle carbon holds OH, H, and . Enantiomers.
Step 5. (e). One end holds two groups. Neither.
Step 6. (f). Each end has H and Cl. Cis and trans.
Answer: (a) and (f) have cis and trans forms; (c) and (d) have enantiomers; (b) and (e) have neither.
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