Try it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
At the equilibrium constant of is . A mixture of of nitrogen and of hydrogen reaches equilibrium at a total pressure of . Let the extent of reaction be . Write the amounts at equilibrium in terms of , and use the equilibrium expression for the mole fractions . Find the percentage of nitrogen that is converted and the mole percentage of ammonia in the mixture.
Nitrogen has only the second shell, so its covalency is at most 4. Phosphorus can hold more than eight electrons. The oxidation state is found by taking oxygen as , hydrogen as and making the sum equal to the charge. In the Haber process, 3 mol of H2 are used for each mole of N2, and 2 mol of NH3 form. The reagent that runs out first limits the product. Percent yield is .
Have you tried it?
Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Plan. Write the amounts with , put them in , and solve for .
Step 1. Amounts. N2: . H2: . NH3: . Total: .
Step 2. The expression. The factors of cancel in the quotient, because the powers in the numerator and the denominator differ by 2: .
Step 3. Square root. . With , the left side is . Put .
Step 4. Solve. Then . Because , we get . So .
Step 5. Ammonia. .
Answer: of the nitrogen is converted and the mixture is ammonia.
Check. At 700 K the constant is much smaller, so the conversion would be less. The lesson's model gives about 41 percent ammonia at 700 K and 200 bar.
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