Try it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
A solid mixture of calcium carbonate and sodium hydrogencarbonate has a mass of . It is heated strongly, at about , until the mass stops changing. The solid left is calcium oxide and sodium carbonate, and the mass lost is . The reactions are and . Use , , and for CO, HO, CaCO and NaHCO. Find the mass of calcium carbonate in the mixture, the mass of carbon dioxide given off and its volume at and , with .
A gas at and has a molar volume of . Calcium hydroxide takes up carbon dioxide mole for mole: . When a mixture loses mass on heating, the loss of each solid is its fraction of CO (and water) times its mass.
Have you tried it?
Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Plan. Each solid loses a fixed fraction of its mass. Write the total loss with one unknown.
Step 1. The fractions. Calcium carbonate: . Sodium hydrogencarbonate: .
Step 2. The equation. , so and .
Step 3. The carbon dioxide. From the calcium carbonate: . From of sodium hydrogencarbonate (), half a mole of CO for each mole: . The total is .
Step 4. Volume. .
Answer: , and .
Watch out. The water that sodium hydrogencarbonate gives off is lost mass too, but it is not a gas that we count, since it is steam. Only half a mole of CO comes from each mole of NaHCO.
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