Try it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
A magnet of mass kg falls through a copper tube m long, and reaches a steady speed of m/s very soon after it enters. The drag is in proportion to the speed, . Find , the heat made each second at the steady speed, the time the magnet needs to fall through the tube, and the total heat made in the tube.
A changing flux drives eddy currents in a solid conductor. They oppose the change (Lenz's law), so a moving conductor is braked, and the work done becomes heat. At a steady speed, the drag equals the weight in a fall, , and the heat each second is . A disc of radius and thickness in a field changing at loses . In a thin sheet, .
Have you tried it?
Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Given. kg, m/s, m, m/s².
Step 1. The drag constant. At a steady speed . We want , so .
Step 2. The heat each second. , that is mW.
Step 3. The time. .
Step 4. The total heat. The magnet ends with the same speed that it began with. All the potential energy it loses becomes heat: .
Answer: kg/s, mW, s and J.
Check. . It fits.
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