Try it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
A converter is fed with of sulphur dioxide for each of oxygen. At the equilibrium constant of is . Let the conversion of sulphur dioxide be . The amounts are of SO2, of O2 and of SO3, with a total of , so . Find the conversion at a total pressure of and of . Find the amount of sulphur dioxide that is left unconverted at , for each of sulphur dioxide fed.
For 2SO2 + O2 in the equation of the contact process, with 2 mol of SO2 and 1 mol of O2 at the start, the equilibrium at conversion obeys . Oleum is SO3 dissolved in H2SO4, and each SO3 takes one H2O to make one H2SO4. Hot concentrated H2SO4 oxidises copper and is itself reduced to SO2: half of the acid ends up as the sulphate and half as SO2.
Have you tried it?
Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Plan. Solve for .
Step 1. The estimate. At the right side is . With the numerator near 2, , so and .
Step 2. Exact value. Put in the left side. It gives , which is close to . Solved to more places, at .
Step 3. Two bar. The right side is . The same method gives .
Step 4. Unconverted SO2. For each fed, the amount left is .
Answer: at , at , and left.
Check. Doubling the pressure raises the conversion only a little, because it is already close to 100 percent. The unconverted share goes from 3.8 percent to 3.0 percent.
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