MediumChemistryHigh School (11–12)Organic Chemistry: Some Basic Principles and Techniques › Classification, IUPAC Nomenclature and IsomerismNumericalA-LevelBoard ExamIB
2-Methylpropan-1-ol has the condensed formula CH₃CH(CH₃)CH₂OH…
Contributed by StemPy LabTry it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
2-Methylpropan-1-ol has the condensed formula . Find how many carbon atoms and how many hydrogen atoms it has, which gives its molecular formula. Then find its total number of sigma bonds.
Need a reminder? The key ideaShow
Carbon forms four bonds. Four atoms around it: , tetrahedral, 109.5 degrees. Three atoms around it: , planar, 120 degrees. Two atoms around it: , linear, 180 degrees. Every bond holds one sigma bond. A double bond adds one pi bond, and a triple bond adds two. In a bond-line drawing, every corner and every end is a carbon atom, and each carbon has four bonds in all.
The worked solution
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Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Step 1. Carbon. The groups are , , and . That makes 4 carbon atoms.
Step 2. Hydrogen. 3 + 1 + 3 + 2 = 9 on carbon, plus 1 on oxygen. Total: 10. The molecular formula is .
Step 3. Bonds. There are 15 atoms (4 + 10 + 1). A molecule with no ring has one bond fewer than it has atoms, so there are 14 bonds. All are single, so all are sigma.
Answer: , with 10 hydrogen atoms and 14 sigma bonds.
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