Notes
Reading material from teachers and learners: theory, worked examples and questions that make you think. Some notes are made with AI, and they always say so.
Choose a topic to see its subtopics.22 notes
Human ReproductionHigh School (9–10)
Reproduction in Human Beings: Quick Revision
A brief note on Reproduction in Human Beings: puberty, the male and female reproductive systems, fertilisation, the placenta and menstruation, and reproductive health and the sex ratio. With a worked example, practice, a program and questions to check yourself.
Reproduction in PlantsHigh School (9–10)
Reproduction in Simple Organisms and Plants: Quick Revision
A brief note on Reproduction in Simple Organisms and Plants: variation, fission, budding, regeneration, spores, vegetative propagation, the flower, pollination, fertilisation and seeds, with a worked example and questions.
Plant Life Cycles and Alternation of GenerationsHigh School (11–12)
Gymnosperms, Angiosperms and Plant Life Cycles: Quick Revision
A brief note on Gymnosperms, Angiosperms and Plant Life Cycles: naked seeds, cones and the reduced gametophytes, flowers, the embryo sac, double fertilisation, and the three patterns of life cycle. With a worked example, practice, a program and questions to check yourself.
Bryophytes and PteridophytesHigh School (11–12)
Bryophytes and Pteridophytes: Quick Revision
A brief note on Bryophytes and Pteridophytes: liverworts and mosses, their gametophytes and dependent sporophytes, the first vascular plants, the prothallus, the four classes, and heterospory as a step towards seeds. With a worked example, practice, a program and questions to check yourself.
AlgaeHigh School (11–12)
Classifying Plants and the Algae: Quick Revision
A brief note on Classifying Plants and the Algae: artificial, natural and phylogenetic systems, numerical taxonomy, cytotaxonomy and chemotaxonomy, the forms and reproduction of algae, and the green, brown and red algae. With a worked example, practice, a program and questions to check yourself.
Hormones and the Endocrine SystemHigh School (9–10)
Coordination in Plants and Hormones in Animals: Quick Revision
A brief note on Coordination in Plants and Hormones in Animals: quick and growth movements of plants, tropisms, auxin and the other plant hormones, the endocrine glands, adrenaline, thyroxin, insulin and feedback. With a worked example, practice, a program and questions to check yourself.
Nervous System and Sense OrgansHigh School (9–10)
The Nervous System: Quick Revision
A brief note on The Nervous System: receptors and effectors, the neuron and the synapse, the reflex arc, the parts of the brain and how they are protected, and how nerves make muscles move. With a worked example, practice, a program and questions to check yourself.
ExcretionHigh School (9–10)
Transport and Excretion: Quick Revision
A brief note on Transport and Excretion: the heart and double circulation, blood vessels and blood pressure, blood and lymph, transport in plants, the nephron and dialysis, and excretion in plants. With a worked example, practice, a program and questions to check yourself.
RespirationHigh School (9–10)
Respiration: Quick Revision
A brief note on Respiration: how cells break down glucose with and without oxygen, ATP, the exchange of gases in animals and plants, and the human respiratory system. With a worked example, practice, a program and questions to check yourself.
NutritionHigh School (9–10)
Nutrition: Quick Revision
A brief note on Nutrition: the life processes, photosynthesis and stomata, the starch test, the three kinds of heterotrophic nutrition, Amoeba and Paramecium, and human digestion from the mouth to the anus. With a worked example, practice, a program and questions to check yourself.
Kingdoms Plantae and AnimaliaHigh School (11–12)
Plants, Animals, Viruses and Lichens: Quick Revision
A brief note on Plants, Animals and the Borderline Forms: what makes a plant and an animal, alternation of generations, viruses and their discovery, viroids and prions, and lichens. With a worked example, practice, a program and questions to check yourself.
Kingdom ProtistaHigh School (11–12)
Protists and Fungi: Quick Revision
A brief note on The Protists and the Fungi: chrysophytes, dinoflagellates, euglenoids and slime moulds, the four groups of protozoans, the body, food and reproduction of fungi, and the four classes of fungi. With a worked example, practice, a program and questions to check yourself.
The Five KingdomsHigh School (11–12)
The Five Kingdoms and the Bacteria: Quick Revision
A brief note on The Five Kingdoms and the Bacteria: why two kingdoms failed, Whittaker's five kingdoms and their features, the shapes and groups of bacteria, archaebacteria, and how bacteria feed, help and harm. With a worked example, practice, a program and questions to check yourself.
Taxonomic Hierarchy and AidsHigh School (11–12)
Ranks and Taxonomical Aids: Quick Revision
A brief note on Taxonomic Categories and Taxonomical Aids: the seven ranks, what a species and a taxon are, how big each rank is, and the herbarium, botanical garden, museum, zoo, key, flora, manual and monograph. With a worked example, practice, a program and questions to check yourself.
Biodiversity and NomenclatureHigh School (11–12)
Biodiversity and Scientific Names: Quick Revision
A brief note on Diversity and the Naming of Organisms: how many species we know, why common names fail, the rules of binomial nomenclature and the two codes, and the four basic processes of taxonomy. With a worked example, practice, a program and questions to check yourself.
Characteristics of LifeHigh School (11–12)
What Is Living?: Quick Revision
A brief note on What Is Living?: growth, reproduction, metabolism, cells and the response to the surroundings, which of them define life, and the meaning of a living organism. With a worked example, practice, a program and questions to check yourself.
Plant and Animal KingdomsHigh School (9–10)
Plant and Animal Groups: Quick Revision
A brief note on Groups of Plants and Animals: the five groups of plants, monocots and dicots, the eight groups of invertebrates, and the five classes of vertebrates. With a worked example, practice, a program and questions to check yourself.
Animal TissuesHigh School (9–10)
Animal Tissues: Quick Revision
A brief note on Animal Tissues: the four kinds of epithelium, the connective tissues and their matrix, the three kinds of muscle, and the neuron. With a worked example, practice, a program and questions.
Plant TissuesHigh School (9–10)
Plant Tissues: Quick Revision
A brief note on Plant Tissues: the three meristems, the simple tissues, the epidermis and cork, and xylem and phloem, with how water rises. With a worked example, practice, a program and questions.
Cell Structure and OrganellesHigh School (9–10)
Cells, Their Parts and Their Size
A brief note on Cells and Their Parts: the cell theory, sizes and magnification, the organelles and their jobs, plant and animal cells, prokaryotes, and why cells stay small. With a worked example, practice, a program and questions.
Classification of Living OrganismsHigh School (9–10)
Classifying Living Things: Choosing the Basis
A brief note on How We Classify Living Things: why we classify, a good basis and a poor one, the levels and scientific names, the five kingdoms, and Simpson's diversity index. With a worked example, practice, a program and questions to check yourself.
Transport Across the Cell MembraneHigh School (9–10)
Diffusion and Osmosis: Which Way Does the Water Go?
A brief note on How Substances Move In and Out of Cells: diffusion, osmosis with one rule for the water, turgor and plasmolysis, the potato experiment, and active transport. With a worked example, practice, a program and questions.