In short
The five kingdom classification, proposed by R. H. Whittaker, divides living things into Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.
It uses the type of cell (prokaryotic or eukaryotic), whether the body is one cell or many, how the organism gets its food, and how it reproduces. Monera are prokaryotes, including bacteria. Protista are single-celled eukaryotes, including amoeba and algae of one cell. Fungi absorb food from decaying matter. Plantae make their own food by photosynthesis. Animalia eat other organisms.
A mushroom has a cell wall but no chlorophyll and feeds on dead matter, so it is placed in Fungi, not Plantae.
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