Water in a pan takes minutes to heat, and a metal spoon in it becomes hot in seconds. Ice at 0 degrees cools a drink much more than water at 0 degrees. In this course we define the specific heat, we use the method of mixtures to find an unknown temperature or specific heat, and we find the heat that is needed to melt a solid and to boil a liquid, with the latent heat.
3 lessons, about 1 h 10 min3 simulations12 problems6 practice questionsPython in every lesson
The heat that warms a body is , where is the specific heat capacity of its material, in . A body's heat capacity is . Water's specific heat, , is unusually large, which steadies climates and makes water good for carrying heat.
When hot and cold bodies are mixed in a well-insulated calorimeter, the heat lost by the hot ones equals the heat gained by the cold ones. This method of mixtures finds final temperatures and unknown specific heats. A calorimeter's water equivalent, , is the mass of water that would take the same heat.
While a substance melts or boils, its temperature stays steady: the heat, the latent heat, goes into changing its state. , with for ice and for water. Pressure changes boiling points, and evaporation cools.
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