What a coordination compound is. Werner's theory, ligands and their types, the coordination number and the oxidation state of the metal, and the rules for naming complexes and writing their formulae.
3 lessons, about 1 h 40 min4 simulations11 problems4 practice questionsPython in every lesson
Created by StemPy LabCopper sulphate solution turns a deep blue when ammonia is added, and a salt of iron can hide its iron from every ordinary test. Werner explained both with two kinds of valence. His theory gives us the coordination sphere, the coordination number and the shapes of complexes.
A ligand gives a lone pair to the metal, and some ligands give more than one. The coordination number counts donor atoms, not ligands. The charge on a complex then tells you the oxidation state of the metal.
Every complex needs one name that chemists everywhere read in the same way. The rules fix the order of the parts: the cation, then the ligands in alphabetical order, then the metal with its oxidation state. You also learn to go back from a name to a formula.
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