How strongly an amine acts as a base and what changes it. The amino group reacts with halides, acid chlorides, chloroform, nitrous acid and sulphonyl chloride. These reactions give tests that tell the three classes apart. Then we turn to the substitution reactions of the ring of aniline.
3 lessons, about 1 h 20 min3 simulations10 problems3 practice questionsPython in every lesson
Created by StemPy LabMethylamine solution turns universal indicator a deeper blue than ammonia of the same strength, and aniline barely turns it. The pKb numbers tell us how far each base goes. This lesson explains the order of strength, and how the solvent and the groups on the ring change it.
The lone pair of an amine is a base, and it is also a nucleophile. It attacks alkyl halides and acid chlorides, it makes the carbylamine smell with chloroform, and it reacts with nitrous acid in a different way for each class. These reactions tell the three classes apart.
The NH2 group makes the ring of aniline very reactive. Bromine water gives three bromines at once, and nitration goes wrong in acid. An acetyl group tames the amine and lets one reaction stop where we want. Friedel-Crafts reactions fail altogether.
Log in to join the discussion.
Loading…