How does a cell halve its chromosome number and make four different cells? You meet the five stages of prophase I, synapsis and crossing over, and the two divisions of meiosis. Then you compare meiosis with mitosis and see why it keeps the chromosome number steady and makes variation. It serves the Indian syllabus (NCERT, NEET) and the matching topic of A-Level, IB and AP.
3 lessons, about 1 h 25 min3 simulations10 problems3 practice questionsPython in every lesson
Sexual reproduction needs cells with half the usual number of chromosomes. Meiosis makes them. Its first division begins with a long and busy prophase I, in which the two chromosomes of each pair come together and swap pieces. This lesson follows the five stages of prophase I.
After prophase I, the pairs line up and the two members of each pair are pulled apart. Meiosis II then separates the sister chromatids as in mitosis. One cell ends as four cells, each with half the chromosomes. This lesson follows the chromosomes and the DNA through both divisions.
Mitosis makes two identical cells for growth. Meiosis makes four different cells for reproduction. This lesson sets the two side by side, and then shows why meiosis matters: it keeps the chromosome number of a species steady, and it makes variation.
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