Try it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
Say if the ray bends toward the normal, away from the normal, or not at all. Use for water and for glass.
Light bends because its speed changes. Into an optically denser material it bends toward the normal; into a rarer one, away from it. Snell's law: is a constant for two materials; from air into a material of index , .
Have you tried it?
Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Step 1. (a) Air () to water (): denser, so toward the normal.
Step 2. (b) Glass () to air (): rarer, so away.
Step 3. (c) Water () to glass (): denser, so toward.
Step 4. (d) Glass () to water (): rarer, so away.
Step 5. (e) Along the normal, there is no bending.
Answer: toward, away, toward, away, not at all.
Check. Water is denser than air but rarer than glass: it is always a comparison of two values of .
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