The top of a 14 m ladder reaches a window 7 m above the ground…

Ground distance: $d = \dfrac{h}{\tan \theta}$. Ladder at angle $\theta$ with the ground: height $L \sin \theta$ and foot $L \cos \theta$. Shadow: $s = \dfrac{h}{\tan \theta}$ with $\theta$ the sun's altitude. To find an angle, find its ratio and use the inverse function or a known value.