The reduction of nitrobenzene with tin and hydrochloric acid follows C₆H₅NO₂ + 3 Sn + 7 HCl →…
Contributed by StemPy LabTry it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
The reduction of nitrobenzene with tin and hydrochloric acid follows . A chemist reduces of nitrobenzene (). Use Sn = 119 g/mol and the anilinium chloride . Find the amount of nitrobenzene and the mass of tin needed. Then find the amount of hydrochloric acid and the volume of acid that holds it. Last, find the mass of anilinium chloride formed at a yield of 100 %.
Need a reminder? The key ideaShow
The nitro group, the nitrile group and the amide group are reduced to a primary amine. A nitrile adds one carbon to the halide it came from. The Hofmann bromamide degradation removes one carbon: . The Gabriel synthesis makes pure primary aliphatic amines.
The worked solution
Have you tried it?
Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Step 1. Nitrobenzene. .
Step 2. Tin. , and .
Step 3. Acid. of HCl.
Step 4. Volume. .
Step 5. Salt. One mole of salt for one mole of nitrobenzene: .
Answer: , , , and .
Check. The amine is released from the salt by adding alkali, which is why a large excess of acid is not wasted on the final product.
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