Try it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
The Earth is nearest the Sun, at , in January, and farthest, at , in July. In January it moves at . How fast does it move in July?
Kepler's laws. Orbits are ellipses with the Sun at a focus. The line to the Sun sweeps equal areas in equal times, so at the nearest and farthest points . And : for bodies around the Sun, with in years and in AU.
Have you tried it?
Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Step 1. .
Answer: About , a km/s slower than in January.
Check. The orbit is nearly a circle, so the speeds differ by only about .
Watch out. This is why northern winter is a few days shorter than northern summer.
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