HardChemistryHigh School (9–10)GeneralMetals and Non-metals › Ionic Compounds and Extraction of MetalsConceptual
Describe how copper is refined by electrolysis.
Contributed by StemPy LabTry it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
Describe how copper is refined by electrolysis. Say what the anode, the cathode and the solution are, and what happens to the impurities.
Need a reminder? The key ideaShow
An ore is a mineral that gives a metal at a profit; gangue is the waste in it. Top of the series: electrolysis of the molten compound. Middle: roast sulphides or calcine carbonates to oxides, then reduce with carbon. Bottom: heat, or found free. Copper is refined by electrolysis: impure anode, pure cathode, anode mud.
The worked solution
Have you tried it?
Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Step 1. Anode: a thick block of impure copper. Cathode: a thin strip of pure copper. Solution: acidified copper sulphate.
Step 2. Copper dissolves from the anode and builds up as pure copper on the cathode.
Step 3. Insoluble impurities fall below the anode as anode mud.
Answer: as above.
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