Try it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
For each change, say if it changes the loudness or the pitch of the sound.
Loudness depends on the amplitude, pitch on the frequency, and quality on the mixture of frequencies. People hear about to : below is infrasound, above is ultrasound.
Have you tried it?
Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Step 1. (a) Loudness: a bigger amplitude, the same note.
Step 2. (b) Pitch: a faster vibration, a higher frequency.
Step 3. (c) Loudness: the sound spreads out and its amplitude falls.
Step 4. (d) Pitch: a smaller air column vibrates faster.
Answer: loudness, pitch, loudness, pitch.
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