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Write the electron configurations of V²⁺, Co³⁺, Cu⁺ and Mn²⁺.

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Write the electron configurations of $\text{V}^{2+}$ , $\text{Co}^{3+}$ , $\text{Cu}^+$ and $\text{Mn}^{2+}$ . Find the number of unpaired electrons and the spin-only magnetic moment of each. The atoms are V $[\text{Ar}]\,3d^3 4s^2$ , Co $[\text{Ar}]\,3d^7 4s^2$ , Cu $[\text{Ar}]\,3d^{10} 4s^1$ and Mn $[\text{Ar}]\,3d^5 4s^2$ .

Need a reminder? The key ideaShow

Aufbau, Pauli and Hund fill the orbitals. Chromium and copper move one $4s$ electron into $3d$ . Ions lose $4s$ electrons before $3d$ . Spin-only magnetic moment: $\mu = \sqrt{n(n + 2)}\ \text{BM}$ for $n$ unpaired electrons.

The worked solution

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Write the electron configurations of V²⁺, Co³⁺, Cu⁺ and Mn²⁺.

The worked solution

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