Try it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
In a small vacuum tube, electrons and protons start from rest and fall through kV. The mass of an electron is kg, and the mass of a proton is kg. (a) Find the speed of an electron at the end of the fall. (b) Find the speed of a proton. (c) How much kinetic energy does each one gain, in eV?
The work to carry a charge slowly from A to B is , and the potential energy is . Between large plates . A charge that falls through a potential difference gains the kinetic energy , so . .
Have you tried it?
Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Plan. Both particles gain the same energy. Their speeds differ only because their masses differ.
Step 1. The energy. .
Step 2. The electron. From we want , so .
Step 3. The proton. .
Answer: m/s for the electron, m/s for the proton, and eV for each.
Check. The speeds are in the ratio , and . The electron speed is of the speed of light, so the ordinary formula is still good.
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