Give the IUPAC name of each compound. CH₃CH₂CH₂CHO; CH₃CH₂COCH₂CH₃; (CH₃)₂CHCOCH₃…
Contributed by StemPy LabTry it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
Give the IUPAC name of each compound.
- cyclopentanone with a methyl group on carbon 2
Need a reminder? The key ideaShow
The carbonyl carbon is and flat. Oxygen pulls the pi electrons, so carbon is and oxygen . An aldehyde is with the carbonyl carbon numbered 1. A ketone is and its carbonyl carbon gets the lowest number. Carbonyl compounds have dipole-dipole forces but no hydrogen bonds between their own molecules.
The worked solution
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Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Step 1. Four carbons, CHO at the end: butanal.
Step 2. Five carbons, C=O in the middle: pentan-3-one.
Step 3. The longest chain with C=O has four carbons, with C=O on carbon 2 and a methyl on carbon 3: 3-methylbutan-2-one.
Step 4. Four carbons from CHO, with a methyl on carbon 3: 3-methylbutanal.
Step 5. A phenyl group on a two-carbon ketone: 1-phenylethanone, called acetophenone.
Step 6. Four carbons, CHO at the end and a double bond starting on carbon 2: but-2-enal.
Step 7. A ring ketone with the methyl group next to C=O: 2-methylcyclopentanone.
Step 8. Two CHO groups on a four-carbon chain: butanedial.
Check. Each name has the right number of carbons, and the aldehydes have no locant for the CHO group.
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