For each event, say whether it is the work of insulin or of glucagon, and which islet cells make…
Contributed by StemPy LabTry it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
For each event, say whether it is the work of insulin or of glucagon, and which islet cells make that hormone.
- The liver cells break down glycogen to glucose.
- The fat cells take up more glucose from the blood.
- The liver cells make glucose from other substances.
- Glucose is changed to glycogen in the liver cells.
- What happens to the glucose of the blood after a sweet meal, and which hormone is released?
Need a reminder? The key ideaShow
Insulin comes from the beta cells and lowers the blood glucose: the liver cells and fat cells take up more glucose, and glycogenesis rises. Glucagon comes from the alpha cells and raises it: glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver. Diabetes mellitus is a long hyperglycaemia. One mmol/L of glucose is 18 mg/dL. The cut-offs are 126 mg/dL fasting and 200 mg/dL at 2 hours.
The worked solution
Have you tried it?
Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Step 1. (a) Glucagon (glycogenolysis), made by the alpha cells.
Step 2. (b) Insulin, made by the beta cells.
Step 3. (c) Glucagon (gluconeogenesis).
Step 4. (d) Insulin (glycogenesis).
Step 5. (e) The glucose rises, and the beta cells release insulin. The cells take up glucose, and the glucose falls back to the normal level.
Answer: (a) glucagon, alpha; (b) insulin, beta; (c) glucagon, alpha; (d) insulin, beta; (e) insulin from the beta cells.
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