Answer these questions on the sex hormones…
Contributed by StemPy LabTry it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
Answer these questions on the sex hormones.
- Which cells of the testis make androgens, and where do they lie?
- Name the main androgen.
- Which structure of the ovary makes most of the estrogen, and which makes most of the progesterone?
- Name two actions of progesterone.
- Which hormone of the testis has an anabolic effect, and what does this mean?
Need a reminder? The key ideaShow
The four parathyroid glands make PTH, which raises the calcium of the blood by acting on the bones, the renal tubules and the gut. A low calcium causes tetany. The Leydig cells of the testis make androgens. The growing follicles of the ovary make estrogen, and the corpus luteum makes mainly progesterone. One mmol of calcium is 40 mg.
The worked solution
Have you tried it?
Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Step 1. (a) The interstitial (Leydig) cells, which lie between the tubes where the sperm form.
Step 2. (b) Testosterone.
Step 3. (c) Estrogen comes mainly from the growing ovarian follicles. Progesterone comes mainly from the corpus luteum, the burst follicle after ovulation.
Step 4. (d) It supports pregnancy, and it stimulates the alveoli and the secretion of milk in the mammary glands.
Step 5. (e) Androgens. Anabolic means that they build up proteins and carbohydrates in the body.
Answer: (a) Leydig cells between the tubes; (b) testosterone; (c) follicles for estrogen, corpus luteum for progesterone; (d) supports pregnancy, helps milk glands; (e) androgens, which build up.
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