Try it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
An electrolytic cell for aluminium carries a current of for at a voltage of . Only of the current deposits aluminium. Take , and . The graphite anode burns to carbon dioxide only: . Find the mass of aluminium formed, the electrical energy used in kilowatt hours, the energy for each kilogram of aluminium, and the mass of carbon burned.
Have you tried it?
Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Step 1. Charge. .
Step 2. Aluminium. Moles of aluminium . The mass is , which is or about .
Step 3. Energy. . Divide by to get .
Step 4. For each kilogram. .
Step 5. Carbon. The carbon is of the moles of aluminium: , which is .
Answer: , , and .
Check. About of carbon is used for each kilogram of aluminium, which is in line with real cells (about , since some carbon is lost to air and to dust).
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Faraday's law for aluminium: with . Energy in kilowatt hours is . Thermite: gives out for 2 mol of Al. A hydrate has its water in the molar mass.