MediumChemistryHigh School (11–12)Coordination Compounds › Isomerism in Coordination CompoundsNumerical
A student dissolves 2.665 g of a chromium chloride hydrate, CrCl₃· 6H₂O, in cold water…
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A student dissolves of a chromium chloride hydrate, , in cold water. Excess silver nitrate gives of silver chloride. Use for the hydrate and for AgCl. Find the moles of the hydrate. Find how many chloride ions are outside the bracket for each formula unit, and how many are inside. Then name the isomer.
Need a reminder? The key ideaShow
Structural isomers have the same overall formula. Ionisation and hydrate isomers differ in what sits inside the bracket and what sits outside. Only free ions outside the bracket precipitate with silver nitrate (halide) or barium chloride (sulphate). Linkage isomers use another donor atom of an ambidentate ligand. Coordination isomers swap ligands between two complex ions.
The worked solution
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Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Given. Sample , AgCl .
Plan. Find the moles of each, divide, and then use the total of three chloride ions.
Step 1. The hydrate. .
Step 2. The silver chloride. .
Step 3. Free chloride. chloride ions outside the bracket for each formula unit.
Step 4. Chloride inside. chloride ion is inside the bracket. The complex is , the pale green isomer.
Check. The isomer with two free chloride ions gives three ions in water. That agrees with the pale green isomer in the lesson.
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