Try it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
A student cuts a prism of angle from a glass with refractive index . She wants to know how it will behave when a narrow beam of light falls on one face at different angles. Find the critical angle of the glass. Find the largest prism angle for which light could ever leave the second face. Find the smallest angle of incidence for which light does leave the second face of her prism. Find the largest deviation, which happens at grazing incidence, .
In a prism and . At minimum deviation , and . Light leaves only if , and then . A thin prism has .
Have you tried it?
Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Given. and .
Plan. The critical angle limits the light at the second face. We look at the two extreme rays.
Step 1. The critical angle. , so .
Step 2. The largest prism angle. . Her prism of is below this, so light can leave.
Step 3. The smallest angle of incidence. At the limit , so . Then , so .
Step 4. The largest deviation. At , and . Then and . The deviation is .
Answer: , , and .
Check. The angle of emergence at grazing incidence equals the smallest angle of incidence, , as the reversibility of light requires.
Watch out. Light can leave only for angles of incidence from to . Below the second face reflects it totally.
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