Try it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
A sample of of borax, , is heated gently until it loses all its water, and then strongly until it forms a clear glass of sodium metaborate and boron(III) oxide: . The molar masses are for borax, for , for and for . Find the mass of water lost, the mass of anhydrous left, and the masses of and in the glass.
Have you tried it?
Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Plan. Follow the moles through the two stages.
Step 1. Moles of borax. .
Step 2. Anhydrous residue. .
Step 3. Water lost. . As a check, .
Step 4. The glass. : . : .
Answer: of water, of residue, of and of .
Check. , the same as the anhydrous residue, since mass does not change in the second stage.
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Borax reacts with acid as . Heating gives . For a weak acid, , and a mixture of the acid and its conjugate base obeys . By Hess's law, .