Try it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
A piece of aluminium foil of mass is dropped into an excess of sodium hydroxide solution. The foil dissolves completely and hydrogen forms. Take the molar mass of aluminium as , of sodium hydroxide as and of as . The molar volume of a gas at and is . Find the volume of hydrogen, the mass of sodium tetrahydroxidoaluminate formed and the smallest mass of sodium hydroxide that is needed.
Have you tried it?
Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Given. .
Step 1. Moles of aluminium. .
Step 2. Hydrogen. The equation gives mol of H for mol of Al, so . The volume is .
Step 3. The aluminate. Its moles equal the moles of aluminium. The mass is .
Step 4. Sodium hydroxide. Also , so the mass is .
Answer: , and .
Watch out. Students often forget the factor of in step 2 and write the same moles of hydrogen as of aluminium.
Log in to join the discussion.
Loading…
To make a gaseous ion, the three electrons leave one after the other. The energy is the sum . A weighted mean of isotope masses is . Aluminium dissolves in alkali: , so 2 mol of Al give 3 mol of H.