Try it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
A garden hose across fills a litre bucket in . Find the flow rate, the speed of the water in the hose, and its speed when a nozzle across is fitted.
Continuity: for steady flow of a liquid, ; the volume flow rate is the same through every section. The area goes as the diameter squared.
Have you tried it?
Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Step 1. Flow rate. .
Step 2. Hose. .
Step 3. Nozzle. .
Answer: ; ; .
Check. The diameter ratio is , so the speed ratio is .
Watch out. The nozzle speeds the water up, but the bucket still takes the same time to fill.
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