A diver is 18 m down in sea water of density 1030 kg/m³…
Contributed by StemPy LabTry it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
A diver is down in sea water of density . Find the gauge pressure and the absolute pressure there. The window of the diver's mask has an area of , with air at surface pressure behind it. What extra push does the water put on it? (Air , .)
Need a reminder? The key ideaShow
Pressure is force per unit area, , in pascal. Below the surface of a liquid, ; the gauge pressure is . Pascal's law: a change of pressure in an enclosed fluid reaches every part of it, so a hydraulic machine gives .
The worked solution
Have you tried it?
Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Step 1. Gauge. .
Step 2. Absolute. , nearly three atmospheres.
Step 3. Push. .
Answer: ; ; about .
Watch out. . This is why divers breathe air at the pressure around them.
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