HardBiologyHigh School (11–12)Human BodyConceptual

A clinic measures the glucose of three people before a drink of 75 g of glucose and again two hours…

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A clinic measures the glucose of three people before a drink of 75 g of glucose and again two hours after it. The cut-offs for diabetes mellitus are 126 mg/dL before the drink and 200 mg/dL at two hours. A person who reaches either cut-off is counted.

Ana: 92 mg/dL before, 118 mg/dL after two hours.

Ben: 131 mg/dL before, 176 mg/dL after two hours.

Chen: 110 mg/dL before, 214 mg/dL after two hours.

Which of the three meet a cut-off for diabetes mellitus, and which cut-off?

Which hormone is lacking or is not working well in them?

Name two things that may appear in the urine of an untreated patient.

Need a reminder? The key ideaShow

Insulin comes from the beta cells and lowers the blood glucose: the liver cells and fat cells take up more glucose, and glycogenesis rises. Glucagon comes from the alpha cells and raises it: glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver. Diabetes mellitus is a long hyperglycaemia. One mmol/L of glucose is 18 mg/dL. The cut-offs are 126 mg/dL fasting and 200 mg/dL at 2 hours.

The worked solution

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