Try it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
A bottle is labelled hydrochloric acid, by mass, density . Hydrogen chloride is . Find the molarity, the molality and the mole fraction of hydrogen chloride.
Mass percent . Molarity is moles per litre of solution, and molality is moles per kilogram of solvent. One ppm is of solute in of solution, and one ppb is in . The density joins the mass of a solution to its volume. For dilution, .
Have you tried it?
Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Given. of HCl in of solution. The water is .
Step 1. Moles. HCl: . Water: .
Step 2. Volume. .
Step 3. Molarity. .
Step 4. Molality. .
Step 5. Mole fraction. .
Answer: , and .
Check. The molality is larger than the molarity, as it should be, because of this solution holds well under of water.
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