Try it on paper first. A hint, the key idea and the worked solution are here when you need them.
A board game has a round that starts with three tosses of a fair coin, followed by one throw of a fair die. Players write the result of a round as a string such as . Find the number of outcomes in the sample space of one round. Then find how many of those outcomes have exactly two heads in the tosses and an even number on the die.
The sample space lists every outcome. Steps that happen one after the other multiply: . From different objects, drawn give outcomes with replacement, in order without replacement and when the order is ignored.
Have you tried it?
Work it out on paper first. It is fine to get stuck or make a mistake: that is how we learn. When you are ready, go through the solution one step at a time, and check each step against your own.
Step 1. The sample space. The three tosses give strings. The die adds a factor . So .
Step 2. Exactly two heads. The strings are , and . That is strings.
Step 3. An even number. The die shows , or . That is results.
Step 4. Together. Each of the strings goes with each of the results, so there are outcomes.
Answer: outcomes in all, and of them have exactly two heads and an even number.
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