Statistics & Data Science, Mathematics
High School (9–10)
High School (11–12)
Undergraduate
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Statistics Basics › Correlation and RegressionStatistics Basics › Tables and GraphsStatistics Basics › Study Design and ExperimentsChapter 5Two Variables: Scatter Plots, Correlation and Regression
Do students who practise more type faster?
- Is a mountain town cooler than a town by the sea?
- When we measure two things about each person or place, a scatter plot shows how they move together.
- This chapter puts a number on that pattern, fits the line that predicts one measurement from the other, and then asks the hard question: does one thing really cause the other?
- Every idea starts with a made-up data set or a simulation, and short Python programs do the arithmetic.
- It suits a curious student from Class 9 onwards and any adult who reads graphs in the news.
Part of Statistics & Data Science · Essentials (chapter 5)
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Scatter Plots and Correlation
Ten students tell you how long they practise typing and how fast they type. Put each student on a graph as one dot, and a pattern appears. Learn to read that pattern for direction, form and strength, to measure it with the correlation coefficient r, and to spot the cases where r gives the wrong picture.
The Least-Squares Line
A school canteen sells more cold drinks on hot days. How many should it order for tomorrow, when the forecast says 27 degrees? Draw a straight line through the cloud of points and read off a prediction. Learn which line fits best and why, what its slope and intercept say in words, and how the leftovers, the residuals, tell you when to trust it.