Chemistry
High School (11–12)
Structure of the Atom › Quantum Mechanical Model of the AtomStructure of the Atom › Subatomic Particles and Atomic ModelsStructure of the Atom › Light, Atomic Spectra and the Bohr ModelStructure of the Atom › Electronic Configuration and ValencyStructure of the Atom › Isotopes and IsobarsChapter 2Contains Standard contentStructure of Atom
A sodium street lamp glows yellow, and a neon sign glows red. The light comes from the atoms themselves, and each kind of atom gives its own colours. How can an atom tell us what it is like inside? In this chapter we follow the experiments that gave us the nucleus. Then we read the light of hydrogen, and we meet Bohr's model, the waves of matter and the orbitals. At the end we can write the electron configuration of any atom. Python helps us with the calculations.
Part of Chemistry · High School (11–12) (chapter 2)
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The Nuclear Atom: Particles, Nucleus and Isotopes
How do you weigh something that no one has ever seen? Thomson, Millikan and Rutherford did it with glowing tubes, oil drops and a thin gold foil. In this course we see how the electron, the proton and the neutron were found, how big the nucleus is, and how a mass spectrometer finds the isotopes of an element.
Light, Spectra and the Bohr Model
Heat an element in a flame, and it gives out its own colours. Hydrogen gives a few sharp lines, and not a smooth rainbow. In this course we learn how light behaves as a wave and as a stream of particles, how the lines of hydrogen are counted, and how Bohr explained them with energy levels, with numbers that you can check.