Molecular Nature of Matter and the Gas Laws

Name: Molecular Nature of Matter and the Gas Laws
Author: StemPy Lab

Why we believe matter is made of molecules, and how far apart they are in solids, liquids and gases. The gas laws of Boyle, Charles and Avogadro lead to the ideal gas equation, with moles and the Boltzmann constant. Then Dalton's law of partial pressures, and where a real gas stops being ideal.

3 lessons, about 1 h 30 min3 simulations12 problems6 practice questionsPython in every lesson

Created by StemPy Lab

Course outline (3 lessons)

Lesson 1about 30 min
Matter is made of molecules
Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms and molecules. An atom is about $10^{-10}$ m across. In solids and liquids the molecules nearly touch. In a gas at room conditions they are about ten times their own size apart. Brownian motion shows that the molecules never stop moving.
1 simulation2 practice questions1 Python program4 problems
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Lesson 2about 30 min
The ideal gas equation
Boyle's law, Charles's law and Avogadro's law join into one equation for a gas at low density: $pV = nRT = Nk_BT$ , with $R = 8.31$ J/(mol K) and $k_B = 1.38 \times 10^{-23}$ J/K. Temperature is always in kelvin, and pressure is the absolute pressure. For a fixed amount of gas, $pV/T$ stays the same.
1 simulation2 practice questions1 Python program4 problems1 Python lab
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Lesson 3about 30 min
Mixtures of gases and real gases
In a mixture of gases, each gas pushes on the walls as if it were alone. Its share of the pressure is its partial pressure, and the total pressure is the sum of the partial pressures (Dalton's law). A real gas behaves like an ideal gas at low pressure and high temperature. At high pressure the size of the molecules and the pull between them make it differ.
1 simulation2 practice questions1 Python program4 problems1 Python lab1 question set1 note
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Molecules and the Gas Laws: Practice Paper

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Molecular Nature of Matter and the Gas Laws

Course outline (3 lessons)

Matter is made of molecules

The ideal gas equation

Mixtures of gases and real gases

Test Your Learning

Your teacher

Discussion (0)