A wrench turns a bolt best when you push at right angles to the handle. The cross product captures this: it is a vector at right angles to both of its factors, and its size is the area of the parallelogram they span. In this course you use the right-hand rule and find areas of triangles and parallelograms. Then you use the scalar triple product for volumes, and for the test of whether four points lie in one plane. It covers the last part of the Indian syllabus unit (NCERT, JEE Main) and the matching topics of A-Level Further Maths, IB Higher Level and AP.
3 lessons, about 1 h 15 min3 simulations10 problems3 practice questionsPython in every lesson
The cross product is a vector at right angles to both and , with the size . The right-hand rule gives its direction. In components it is a determinant. It changes sign when the two vectors swap places.
The size of is the area of the parallelogram on and , so a triangle has half of it. This gives the area of a triangle from its vertices, the area of a parallelogram from its diagonals, a test for three points on a line and the identity of Lagrange.
The scalar triple product is a determinant. Its size is the volume of the parallelepiped on the three vectors, and it is zero exactly when the three vectors lie in one plane. This tests four points for coplanarity and gives the volume of a tetrahedron.
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