The first derivative is the gradient of a graph, and the second derivative tells how that gradient changes. Find second and higher derivatives, including those of implicit and parametric functions. Then meet Rolle's theorem and the Mean Value Theorem, and see what they say about speed, roots and inequalities. It covers the Indian syllabus (NCERT, JEE Main) and the matching topics of A-Level, IB and AP.
3 lessons, about 1 h 15 min3 simulations10 problems3 practice questionsPython in every lesson
The second derivative is the derivative of the derivative. It tells how fast the slope of a graph is changing. Where is positive the graph bends up, and where it is negative the graph bends down. For a parametric curve, is the derivative of with respect to , divided by .
Rolle's theorem says that if is continuous on , differentiable on and , then for some in . The graph has a horizontal tangent somewhere between two points of equal height. The three conditions are all needed. The theorem shows that between two roots of a function lies a root of its derivative.
The Mean Value Theorem says that if is continuous on and differentiable on , there is a in with . Some tangent is parallel to the chord. The average rate of change equals an instantaneous rate. The theorem proves inequalities and shows that a function with zero derivative is constant.
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