The Genetic Code, Translation and Gene Regulation

Name: The Genetic Code, Translation and Gene Regulation
Author: StemPy Lab

Four letters must write the names of twenty amino acids. You read the genetic code, see what a change of one letter does, and follow a polypeptide as the ribosome builds it. Then you switch the lac operon on and off, and meet the Human Genome Project and the DNA fingerprint. It serves the Indian syllabus (NCERT, NEET) and the matching topic of A-Level, IB and AP.

3 lessons, about 1 h 40 min3 simulations11 problems4 practice questionsPython in every lesson

Created by StemPy Lab

Course outline (3 lessons)

Lesson 1about 35 min
The genetic code and mutations
A genetic code of three bases a codon has 64 codons. Sixty-one code for the 20 amino acids and three are stop codons, and AUG is the start codon. The code is degenerate, unambiguous, read without gaps, and nearly universal. A change of one base is a point mutation, and an insertion or deletion of one or two bases spoils the reading frame.
1 simulation2 practice questions2 Python programs4 problems1 Python lab
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Lesson 2about 30 min
Translation: tRNA, the ribosome and the polypeptide
A tRNA reads the code. Its anticodon pairs with a codon of the mRNA, and its other end carries the amino acid. A ribosome, made of rRNA and proteins, holds the mRNA and the tRNAs, and makes the peptide bonds. The ribosome starts at AUG, adds one amino acid for each codon, and stops at a stop codon, where a release factor frees the polypeptide.
1 simulation1 practice question1 Python program4 problems
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Lesson 3about 35 min
Gene regulation, the genome and DNA fingerprinting
A bacterium switches the lac operon on only when lactose is present. The repressor sits on the operator and blocks the polymerase, and lactose, the inducer, takes the repressor off. The Human Genome Project read the whole sequence of human DNA. DNA fingerprinting compares the VNTR bands of people, and uses them in paternity tests and forensic work.
1 simulation1 practice question2 Python programs3 problems1 Python lab1 question set1 note
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The Genetic Code, Translation and Gene Regulation

Course outline (3 lessons)

The genetic code and mutations

Translation: tRNA, the ribosome and the polypeptide

Gene regulation, the genome and DNA fingerprinting

Test Your Learning

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