Meristematic tissues that keep growing, and the permanent tissues made from them. The simple tissues: parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma. The complex tissues: xylem and phloem.
3 lessons, about 1 h 20 min3 simulations10 problems3 practice questionsPython in every lesson
A tissue is a group of cells that share a structure and do one job. Plant tissues are of two kinds: meristematic tissues, whose cells keep dividing, and permanent tissues, whose cells have stopped. The meristems are apical, intercalary and lateral. Apical and intercalary meristems lengthen the plant, and the lateral meristems thicken it.
Simple permanent tissues are made of one kind of cell. Parenchyma has living cells with thin walls and is used for storage and photosynthesis. Collenchyma has living cells thickened at the corners and gives flexible support. Sclerenchyma has dead cells with thick lignified walls, as fibres and sclereids, and gives strength.
Complex permanent tissues are made of more than one kind of cell that work as a unit. Xylem carries water and minerals and has tracheids, vessels, xylem fibres and xylem parenchyma. Phloem carries food and has sieve tube elements, companion cells, phloem parenchyma and phloem fibres. Protoxylem forms first, and its place gives endarch or exarch xylem.
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