The living world for Class 9 and 10, in the order of the NCERT book. Each chapter has lessons with pictures, problems, practice questions and a timed test. Python helps you measure, count and watch ideas at work.
You are made of cells, and so is a tree and a mushroom. What is inside one cell? How does it eat, breathe and keep its shape? In this chapter we look at the cell, its parts and the jobs of the parts. Then we see how water and food move in and out. We use Python to measure cells and to watch particles spread.
A single cell can do every job, but your body has trillions of cells, and they share the work. Cells of one kind that work together form a tissue. In this chapter we meet the tissues of plants, which grow, store food, give strength and carry water. Then we meet the tissues of animals, which cover the body, join its parts, move it and carry messages. We use Python to count, measure and compare.
There are millions of kinds of living things, from bacteria that you cannot see to blue whales as long as a ship. How do biologists keep track of them all? In this chapter we learn how living things are sorted into groups, how each one gets its two-part scientific name, and what the five kingdoms are. Then we meet the main groups of plants and animals, one by one. We use Python to build keys and to measure diversity.
A plant stands still in the sun, and a dog runs after a ball. Both are alive because their cells keep working, day and night. In this chapter you see how living things get their food, how they release energy from it, how they carry materials around the body, and how they remove their wastes. You follow a bite of food through your own body, count breaths and heartbeats, and use Python with real numbers about the body.
You pull your hand away from a hot pan before you even think about it. A plant on a windowsill bends towards the light. Both are living things responding to a change around them. In this chapter you see how nerves carry messages in animals, how a reflex works, what the parts of the brain do, how plants respond without nerves, and how hormones control growth in plants and animals. Python helps you time reflexes and model hormone levels.
A potato sprouts new plants from its eyes, a Hydra grows a bud that breaks away, and a flower turns into a fruit full of seeds. Living things make more of their own kind in many ways. In this chapter you see why copies are never quite exact, how single-celled organisms and plants reproduce on their own, how flowers reproduce sexually, and how reproduction works in human beings, with a look at reproductive health. Python helps you count how fast a population of cells can grow.